samarium145

Samarium-145 is a radioactive isotope of the chemical element samarium, denoted as ¹⁴⁵Sm. It is characterized by its atomic number 62 and a mass number of 145, meaning it contains 62 protons and 83 neutrons in its nucleus. This isotope is notable for its use in nuclear applications and scientific research due to its distinctive decay properties.

Samarium-145 is produced artificially, as it does not occur naturally in significant quantities. It is typically generated through neutron activation of stable samarium isotopes, such as ¹⁴⁴Sm, in nuclear reactors. The isotope undergoes beta decay with a half-life of approximately 340 days, transforming into a stable isotope of europium (¹⁴⁵Eu).

One of the primary applications of samarium-145 is as a neutron absorber in nuclear reactors. Its high cross-section for neutron capture makes it useful in control rods and shutdown systems, where it helps regulate or halt nuclear reactions. Additionally, samarium-145 is studied in nuclear physics for its role in understanding neutron-induced reactions and nuclear fission processes.

In medical and industrial fields, samarium-145 is less commonly used compared to other radioactive isotopes, but its properties are relevant in research involving radiation shielding and dosimetry. Its relatively short half-life also makes it suitable for certain experimental applications where controlled decay is necessary.

The handling of samarium-145 requires precautions due to its radioactivity, necessitating proper shielding and containment measures to protect personnel and the environment. Research into its behavior and applications continues to expand, particularly in areas related to nuclear energy and materials science.