saksanpähkinään

Saksanpähkinä, or Juglans regia, refers to the walnut tree and its edible kernel. Native to Central Asia, it is now cultivated in many temperate regions around the world. In Finnish usage, saksanpähkinä denotes both the tree and the nut, with the mature fruit commonly harvested for culinary and oil purposes.

The tree is a deciduous, long-lived species that can reach substantial height in suitable conditions. It has smooth, pinnate leaves and produces a green husk that splits as the fruit matures, revealing a hard brown shell containing the wrinkled kernel. The kernel is the edible part, known for its rich, slightly bitter-sweet taste and high oil content.

Nutritionally, saksanpähkinä kernels are rich in fats, especially polyunsaturated fatty acids including alpha-linolenic acid (an omega-3), as well as protein, fiber, vitamins (notably vitamin E) and minerals such as magnesium and phosphorus. They contain antioxidants and phytochemicals that are of interest in various health contexts. Because of their fat content, walnuts are energy-dense and prone to rancidity if not stored properly.

Uses include eating raw or roasted, adding to baked goods, desserts, salads, and sauces such as pestos. Walnut oil is a popular culinary oil and a component in some dressings and confections. In cultivation, walnuts prefer well-drained soil and a temperate climate; they are wind-pollinated and can be susceptible to pests and diseases. Proper storage in a cool, dry place extends shelf life, and peeled kernels should be consumed within a reasonable period to maintain quality.