saisonnières

Saisonnières is the feminine plural noun used to refer to female seasonal workers, i.e., workers employed for a limited period tied to a season. The masculine form is saisonniers, and the feminine plural form emphasizes the gender of the workers in certain contexts. The term derives from the word saison, meaning season, and is commonly used in French-speaking labor discourse.

Traditionally, saisonnières are associated with agricultural work, where harvests and planting seasons create demand for extra labor over a few weeks or months. They also work in sectors with peak seasonal activity, such as tourism, hospitality, and fishing, where the need for staff fluctuates with holidays, tourist arrivals, or seasonal markets.

In many countries, including France, seasonal employment is organized through fixed-term contracts or via temporary-work arrangements. The duration and conditions depend on sector and national law. Seasonal workers are generally entitled to wage protections and social coverage, though access to unemployment benefits and certain protections may hinge on hours worked, contract type, or residency status. In some cases, migrant or cross-border workers play a significant role in filling seasonal positions, raising policy questions about visas, housing, and mobility.

Work conditions for saisonnières can be precarious, with job security limited to the season, variable hours, and geographic mobility. Debates around seasonal labor often focus on ensuring fair wages, safe working conditions, housing support, and access to social protections for workers who move between seasons or countries.

In broader terms, the concept appears in labor-market discussions about responding to demand peaks with temporary labor while balancing protections and rights for workers who rely on seasonal employment.