rzeczownikow

Rzeczownik, in Polish grammar often referred to in the genitive plural form as rzeczowników, is a word class that names people, objects, places, and abstract concepts. It functions as the main nominal element in clauses, capable of serving as subject, object, or complement, and it inflects for grammatical categories such as gender, number, and case.

Nouns in Polish show three genders: masculine, feminine, and neuter. They also distinguish number (singular and plural) and seven cases: mianownik, dopełniacz, celownik, biernik, narzędnik, miejscownik, and wołacz. The form of a noun changes in accordance with its gender and the specific declension pattern it follows. Polish lacks articles, so determiners and adjectives surrounding the noun convey definiteness or specificity.

Declension patterns group nouns by endings and gender, and some nouns exhibit irregular or stem-changing forms across cases. Animacy influences the form of certain cases for masculine nouns, especially in the accusative and genitive. Diminutives and augmentatives are common in Polish and often alter both meaning and declension.

Nouns interact with numerals, adjectives, and pronouns, agreeing in gender, number, and case. They can be either concrete or abstract, countable or mass, and many borrowings integrate into existing declension classes with adjusted endings. Irregular plural formations also occur, requiring memorization for certain stems.

Overall, rzeczownik is a foundational element of Polish syntax and morphology, providing the core nominal content around which agreement and syntactic structure are built.