rezerwowych

Rezerwowych is a Polish term used to describe substitute players in sports. It derives from the adjective rezerwowy, meaning “reserve” or “standby,” and functions as a noun when referring to members of a team's squad who are not in the starting lineup but may enter the game.

In football, basketball, handball and other team sports, rezerwowych are typically listed on the bench and serve as replacements for tired or injured players, or as part of tactical rotations. The exact number of substitutions and the rules governing when and how they can be used vary by sport and competition, and have evolved over time.

The term is commonly used with phrases such as zawodników rezerwowych (reserve players) or skład rezerwowych (the reserve lineup). It can also describe any individuals designated as backups within a team or organization, though in everyday language rezerwowych most often refers to sports substitutes. The concept contrasts with the starting lineup or “pierwszy skład,” which denotes the players selected to begin a match.

Notes on usage and context: while rezerwowych mainly appears in sports writing and commentary, the underlying idea of reserve or backup personnel is shared across contexts. The related noun rezerwy typically denotes the reserves as a group, or a separate second team, depending on the sport and organizational structure.