rettarferlið

Rettarferlið refers to the legal process or court proceedings in Iceland. It is the structured series of actions and steps taken to resolve a legal dispute or to bring a criminal case to trial. This process is governed by Icelandic law and ensures that justice is administered fairly and impartially.

The rettarferlið can be broadly divided into civil and criminal proceedings. Civil cases typically involve disputes between private parties, such as contract breaches, property disagreements, or family law matters. The process usually begins with a claim being filed, followed by exchange of pleadings, evidence presentation, and ultimately a judgment by a court.

Criminal proceedings, on the other hand, involve the state prosecuting an individual accused of a crime. This process starts with an investigation, followed by potential indictment, trial, and sentencing if the accused is found guilty. Both civil and criminal rettarferlið emphasize the right to a fair trial, access to legal representation, and the presentation of evidence.

The Icelandic judicial system, which oversees the rettarferlið, is comprised of district courts (héraðsdómar) and the Supreme Court (Hæstiréttur). Decisions made in district courts can often be appealed to the Supreme Court. The entire rettarferlið aims to uphold the rule of law and provide a mechanism for resolving conflicts and ensuring accountability within society.