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Retineal is a form of vitamin A that is essential for maintaining good vision and overall health. It is a derivative of beta-carotene, which the body converts into retinoic acid, a crucial compound for cell growth and differentiation. Retinal is primarily found in animal products such as liver, fish, and eggs, and is also available in fortified foods and supplements.

Retinal plays a vital role in the visual system, where it is converted into 11-cis-retinal, a pigment that absorbs light in the retina. This process is initiated by the enzyme rhodopsin, which is responsible for initiating the visual response in the eye. Retinal is also involved in the regulation of gene expression and cell differentiation, making it important for various physiological processes beyond vision.

Deficiencies in retinal can lead to night blindness, a condition characterized by difficulty seeing in low light conditions. This is because the conversion of 11-cis-retinal to all-trans-retinal, which is necessary for vision, is impaired. Retinal deficiency can also affect skin health, leading to dryness and irritation.

Supplementation with retinal is generally safe when taken as directed, but it is important to consult a healthcare provider before starting any new supplement regimen, especially for individuals with pre-existing health conditions or those taking other medications. High doses of retinal can have side effects, including nausea, vomiting, and skin irritation.

In summary, retinal is a vital nutrient that supports vision and overall health. It is found in animal products and can be obtained through fortified foods or supplements. Adequate intake of retinal is essential for maintaining good vision and skin health.