reforçadora

A reforçadora is a term used in the field of operant conditioning, a type of associative learning process through which the strength of a behavior is modified by reinforcement or punishment. A reforçadora, also known as a reinforcer, is anything that, when introduced or removed after a behavior, increases the likelihood of that behavior occurring again in the future. Reinforcers can be positive, meaning something desirable is added, or negative, meaning something aversive is removed.

Positive reforçadoras are stimuli that, when presented after a response, increase the probability of that response. Examples include praise, treats, or a desired activity. Negative reforçadoras are stimuli that, when removed after a response, increase the probability of that response. Examples include turning off an annoying alarm sound or escaping an unpleasant task. The key aspect of a reforçadora is its effect on future behavior. If a stimulus does not increase the probability of a behavior, it is not considered a reforçadora.

The concept of reforçadoras is central to understanding how behaviors are learned and maintained. It is applied in various settings, including education, therapy, and animal training, to shape and modify behavior effectively. The effectiveness of a reforçadora can depend on individual preferences, the timing of its delivery, and the specific behavior being targeted.