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Rechargeable refers to batteries or devices that can be replenished with electrical energy after being discharged. Unlike single-use or disposable batteries, rechargeable batteries can be used multiple times, offering a more sustainable and cost-effective solution. The technology behind rechargeable batteries involves electrochemical cells that can reverse their chemical reaction through the application of an external electrical current, effectively storing energy for later use.

Common types of rechargeable batteries include Nickel-Cadmium (NiCd), Nickel-Metal Hydride (NiMH), Lithium-ion (Li-ion), and Lithium Polymer (LiPo). Each type has distinct characteristics regarding energy density, lifespan, charging speed, and cost. Li-ion batteries are prevalent in modern electronics like smartphones, laptops, and electric vehicles due to their high energy density and relatively low self-discharge rate. NiMH batteries, while less energy-dense than Li-ion, are often found in consumer electronics and cordless tools.

The process of recharging typically involves a dedicated charger designed for the specific battery chemistry and format. Chargers work by supplying a controlled electrical current to the battery, reversing the chemical reactions that occurred during discharge. Overcharging can damage rechargeable batteries, so most modern chargers incorporate safety features to prevent this. The lifespan of a rechargeable battery is measured in charge cycles, which is the number of times a battery can be fully discharged and recharged before its capacity significantly degrades. Proper care and charging practices can extend the useful life of rechargeable batteries.