püretriin

Püretriin refers to a group of six naturally occurring organic compounds from the ester class. These compounds are found in the flowers of plants belonging to the genus Chrysanthemum, specifically in species such as Chrysanthemum cinerariifolium, Chrysanthemum coccineum, and Chrysanthemum balsamimum. Püretriin are the primary insecticidal components of pyrethrum, a botanical insecticide derived from chrysanthemum flowers.

Structurally, püretriin are esters of chrysanthemic acid or pyrethric acid with an alcohol moiety. The two main types are pyrethrin I and pyrethrin II, with variations in their structural composition. Pyrethrin I is generally considered more potent. These compounds are known for their rapid knockdown effect on insects and their relatively low toxicity to mammals and birds.

The mechanism of action of püretriin involves disrupting the nervous system of insects. They interfere with sodium channels in nerve cell membranes, causing prolonged sodium influx and repetitive nerve firing. This leads to paralysis and eventually death of the insect. Due to their natural origin and biodegradability, püretriin are often used in organic farming and in products for household pest control. However, they can be toxic to fish and other aquatic organisms, and exposure to sunlight can degrade them, reducing their effectiveness over time.