påssjuka

Mumps, known in Swedish as påssjuka, is a contagious viral illness caused by the paramyxovirus. It is characterized by fever and swelling of the salivary glands, most commonly the parotid glands located in front of the ears. This swelling can occur on one or both sides of the face, giving the characteristic "mumps" appearance.

The virus is spread through respiratory droplets when an infected person coughs or sneezes. It can also spread through direct contact with saliva. Symptoms typically appear 16 to 18 days after infection but can range from 12 to 25 days. Besides swollen glands, other symptoms may include headache, muscle aches, fatigue, and loss of appetite.

While most cases of mumps are mild and resolve on their own within a couple of weeks, complications can occur. In males, mumps can lead to inflammation of the testicles (orchitis), which in rare cases can affect fertility. In females, it can cause inflammation of the ovaries (oophoritis). Other potential complications include meningitis (inflammation of the membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord) and encephalitis (inflammation of the brain).

Vaccination is the most effective way to prevent mumps. The measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine is routinely given to children and provides strong protection against the disease. Public health measures, including vaccination programs, have significantly reduced the incidence of mumps in many parts of the world. There is no specific antiviral treatment for mumps; care focuses on managing symptoms, such as pain relief and hydration.