provocada

Provocada is the feminine singular past participle of the verb provocar in Spanish and Portuguese. It functions as an adjective or in passive constructions to indicate that something has been caused, induced, or provoked by a factor or agent. The masculine form is provocado, and the feminine plural is provocadas, while the masculine plural is provocados.

Etymology: Provocada comes from Latin provocare, meaning to call forth or to provoke, formed from pro- ‘forward’ and vocare ‘to call’ or ‘to name.’ In both Spanish and Portuguese the sense of causing or inducing remains central.

Usage: The term agrees with the gender and number of the noun it describes. In Spanish, examples include una situación provocada (a provoked/caused situation), la explosión fue provocada por una fuga de gas (the explosion was caused by a gas leak), or la risa provocada por el chiste (the laughter provoked by the joke). In Portuguese, similarly: uma situação provocada, a explosão foi provocada por uma fuga de gás. In many contexts, it appears in journalism, law, and science to express causation, with connotations that range from neutral to negative depending on context.

Notes: Provocada tends to emphasize a deliberate or identifiable cause, but can also describe unintended outcomes that were nonetheless caused by a factor. Its use partly mirrors English “provoked” or “caused,” and it often appears in combination with nouns denoting events, conditions, or responses.