protaminszulfát

Protaminsulfát, also known as protamine sulfate, is a medication used to reverse the anticoagulant effects of heparin. It is a highly purified mixture of polypeptides derived from fish sperm. Protaminsulfát works by binding to heparin molecules, forming a stable complex. This binding neutralizes the anticoagulant activity of heparin, allowing blood to clot normally again. It is administered intravenously, and its onset of action is rapid, typically within minutes.

The primary indication for protaminsulfát is the management of excessive bleeding or the risk of bleeding in patients who have received a heparin overdose or are undergoing surgery where heparin has been used. It is also used to reverse the effects of heparin during procedures like cardiopulmonary bypass. The dosage of protaminsulfát is carefully calculated based on the amount of heparin administered and the time elapsed since its administration. Administering too much protaminsulfát can itself lead to a temporary anticoagulant effect and potentially hypotension.

Side effects of protaminsulfát can include allergic reactions, such as rash, itching, and difficulty breathing. Hypotension, a sudden drop in blood pressure, is another potential adverse effect, particularly if the drug is administered too quickly. Therefore, it is crucial to monitor patients closely during and after the administration of protaminsulfát. Its use is contraindicated in individuals with known hypersensitivity to protamine.