protaminsulfát

Protaminsulfát, also known as protamine sulfate, is a medication used primarily as an antagonist to heparin. Heparin is a widely used anticoagulant that prevents blood clots. When excessive bleeding occurs during or after heparin administration, protamine sulfate can be administered to reverse heparin's anticoagulant effect. It works by binding to heparin, forming a stable complex that is inactive and can be cleared from the body.

Protamine sulfate is derived from the sperm of fish, typically salmon. It is a highly basic protein, meaning it contains a large number of positively charged amino acids. This positive charge is key to its interaction with the negatively charged heparin molecule. The administration of protamine sulfate is usually done intravenously and is carefully controlled to avoid over-reversal of anticoagulation, which could lead to unintended clotting.

Beyond its use in reversing heparin, protamine sulfate has also been investigated for other potential applications. It has been used in some surgical procedures to reduce bleeding, and research has explored its role in the delivery of other medications. However, its primary and most established use remains the reversal of heparin anticoagulation. Side effects can include allergic reactions, and it is important to monitor patients closely during and after its administration.