prosthétic

Prosthétic refers to the field of science and practice concerned with the design, fabrication, and application of artificial devices intended to replace missing or impaired body parts. The term is derived from the Greek word *prosthesis*, meaning "addition" or "insertion," and encompasses both medical and non-medical applications. Prosthetics are commonly used in healthcare to restore function, improve mobility, or enhance quality of life for individuals with limb loss, deformities, or other physical limitations.

In medical contexts, prosthetics are categorized into external and internal types. External prosthetics, such as artificial limbs or braces, are attached to the body and assist with movement or support. Internal prosthetics, like joint replacements or cochlear implants, are surgically implanted to replace damaged or missing anatomical structures. Advances in materials science, biomechanics, and digital technology have significantly improved the performance, durability, and comfort of prosthetic devices over time.

The development of prosthetics involves collaboration between medical professionals, engineers, and designers. Customization is essential, as prosthetics must be tailored to an individual’s anatomy, lifestyle, and specific needs. Modern prosthetics often incorporate smart technologies, such as sensors and microprocessors, to enable adaptive control and enhanced functionality. For example, advanced prosthetic legs may use artificial intelligence to adjust gait in real time, while robotic hands can perform precise grasping motions.

Beyond medical use, prosthetics also appear in fields like animation, special effects, and cosplay, where they serve aesthetic or functional purposes. These applications often prioritize realism and durability, though they may differ from clinical prosthetics in design and construction.

The field of prosthetics continues to evolve, driven by innovations in materials, such as lightweight composites and flexible polymers, as well as advancements in prosthetics control systems. Research focuses on improving user acceptance, reducing costs, and expanding accessibility to ensure that prosthetic solutions are available to a broader population.