pronatio

Pronatio refers to the anatomical term for the inward rolling or rotation of the foot. This movement occurs at the subtalar and midtarsal joints and typically involves a combination of dorsiflexion, abduction, and eversion of the foot. In simple terms, when the foot pronates, the arch flattens and the ankle rolls inward.

Pronation is a natural and necessary component of the gait cycle. It allows the foot to absorb shock and adapt to uneven surfaces during walking and running. A certain degree of pronation is considered normal and functional. However, excessive pronation, often referred to as overpronation, can lead to various biomechanical issues and pain.

Overpronation can contribute to conditions such as plantar fasciitis, shin splints, Achilles tendinitis, and knee pain. Factors contributing to overpronation can include genetics, muscle weakness or imbalance in the feet and lower legs, tight calf muscles, and footwear choices. Assessment of foot posture and gait analysis are often used to identify and evaluate the degree of pronation. Interventions for overpronation may include exercises to strengthen intrinsic foot muscles, stretching tight muscles, and the use of orthotic devices to support the arch and control excessive inward rolling.