programvégrehajtása

Program végrehajtása, also known as program execution, is the process by which a computer or a virtual machine carries out the instructions of a computer program. This process is fundamental to computing and involves a series of steps performed by the central processing unit (CPU).

The execution begins when the operating system loads the program's instructions and data into the computer's main memory (RAM). The CPU then fetches each instruction from memory one by one. This is followed by the decoding stage, where the CPU interprets the instruction to understand what operation needs to be performed. Next, the CPU executes the instruction, which might involve arithmetic or logical operations, moving data, or controlling other hardware components. Finally, the results of the execution are often written back to memory or stored in CPU registers.

This fetch-decode-execute cycle repeats continuously until the program reaches its termination point, encounters an error, or is terminated by the user or the operating system. Program execution can be a complex process, involving interactions with the operating system, memory management, and various hardware components to ensure that the program runs correctly and efficiently. Different programming languages and operating systems employ various techniques and architectures to manage and optimize program execution.