prezident

Prezident is a title used in several languages to denote the head of state. Spelling and status vary by country, with close variants such as Präsident, Président, Președinte or Prezident appearing in different linguistic families. The word comes from Latin praesidens, meaning "presiding" or "sitting in front."

In constitutional practice, the powers attached to the office range from largely ceremonial to executive. Parliamentary systems often appoint a ceremonial president with limited powers, while presidential systems vest the president with substantial authority. Semi-presidential systems mix both roles, with the president exercising real but limited powers and sharing executive responsibility with a prime minister.

Presidents can be elected directly by the people, or chosen indirectly by parliament or an electoral college. Terms usually span four to seven years, and many countries impose term limits, though the specifics vary widely.

Common duties include representing the state at home and abroad, signing or promulgating laws, appointing the prime minister or cabinet (often with legislative approval), directing foreign policy, and serving as commander-in-chief of the armed forces. In ceremonial contexts, the president performs inaugurations, pardons, and other symbolic functions.

See also: Head of state, Presidency, Presidential systems.