preesensmuotoa

Preesensmuotoa refers to the present tense forms of Finnish verbs. In Finnish, the present tense (preesens) is used to describe actions happening now, habitual actions, and in many contexts also future actions. It is the default finite tense and does not require a separate continuous form.

Formation and endings: The present tense is formed by taking a verb stem and adding person and number endings. Finnish has several conjugation classes, and most verbs follow regular patterns, though a few are irregular. The common present-tense endings are: -n (minä), -t (sinä), -ø or no ending for hän, -mme (me), -tte (te), -vat/-vät (he). The endings agree with the subject. For example, puhua (to speak) yields puhun, puhut, puhuu, puhumme, puhutte, puhuvat. Another example, syödä (to eat), yields syön, syöt, syö, syömme, syötte, syövät. Some verbs are irregular in the present tense, such as olla: olen, olet, on, olemme, olette, ovat; tehdä: teen, teet, tekee, teemme, teette, tekevät; mennä: menen, menet, menee, menemme, menette, menevät.

Negative forms: Negation uses ei plus the present-tense form of the verb. Examples: minä en puhu suomea; sinä et puhu suomea; hän ei puhu; me emme puhu; te ette puhu; he eivät puhu.

Usage notes: The present tense in Finnish often covers what English marks as both present and future. To emphasize ongoing action, speakers may use additional constructions such as olla menossa or participial forms (for example, -massa/-mässä) to convey immediacy or ongoing activity.

In summary, preesensmuotoa encompasses the finite present-tense forms of Finnish verbs, encoding person, number, and, in most cases, the verb stem changes across conjugation classes.