potassiumsolubilizing

Potassiumsolubilizing, also written as potassium solubilizing or potassium-solubilizing, refers to the capacity of certain microorganisms to convert insoluble potassium-bearing minerals into soluble potassium ions that plants can uptake. This process targets minerals such as feldspars, micas, and silicate minerals in soils where potassium is present in crystalline or lattice-bound forms.

The primary mechanisms involve the production of organic acids (for example gluconic, citric, and oxalic acids) that dissolve mineral lattices, chelation of potassium by organic compounds, and the release of protons that facilitate mineral dissolution. Some microorganisms also excrete enzymes or exopolysaccharides that aid in mineral breakdown and solubilization. As a result, previously unavailable potassium becomes more accessible to plant roots in the rhizosphere.

Potassiumsolubilizing microorganisms include various bacteria and, less commonly, fungi. Genera commonly associated with potassium solubilization include Bacillus and Paenibacillus, as well as Pseudomonas and other soil-dwelling microbes. These organisms are often studied as potential biofertilizers to improve potassium availability, particularly in soils with low exchangeable potassium or high insoluble potassium fractions.

Applications of potassiumsolubilizing agents center on sustainable agriculture. They are explored as components of biofertilizers or biostimulants, sometimes in combination with phosphate-solubilizing microbes to support multiple nutrient cycles. Effectiveness can vary with soil type, mineral composition, pH, moisture, and crop species. Ongoing research aims to optimize strains, inoculation methods, and integration with other soil-management practices.

Evaluation methods include in vitro solubilization assays using insoluble potassium minerals and measurements of soluble potassium in liquid cultures, as well as greenhouse and field trials to assess plant growth responses and potassium uptake.