posztstreptokokkalis

Poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis, often referred to by its Hungarian name "posztstreptokokkalis," is a kidney disorder that can develop after a streptococcal infection. This infection is typically a sore throat or skin infection caused by certain strains of Streptococcus pyogenes bacteria. The condition is not a direct infection of the kidneys themselves, but rather an immune response triggered by the prior streptococcal infection.

The exact mechanism is not fully understood, but it is believed that antibodies produced to fight the bacteria cross-react with antigens in the glomeruli, the filtering units of the kidneys. This leads to inflammation and damage within the glomeruli. Symptoms usually appear one to three weeks after a strep throat infection or two to five weeks after a skin infection.

Common signs and symptoms include blood in the urine, which can make it appear reddish or cola-colored, swelling (edema) in the face, hands, and feet, high blood pressure, and reduced urine output. Fatigue and general malaise can also be present. Diagnosis is typically made based on a patient's history of a recent streptococcal infection, physical examination, urinalysis showing blood and protein, and blood tests that may detect elevated levels of streptococcal antibodies.

While the condition can be concerning, most cases of poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis in children resolve completely without long-term kidney damage. In adults, the prognosis can vary, and in some instances, it may lead to chronic kidney disease. Treatment focuses on managing symptoms, such as controlling high blood pressure and fluid retention. Antibiotics are not typically prescribed unless there is an ongoing infection.