posthypnotic

Posthypnotic refers to effects that occur after hypnosis. In clinical contexts the term often refers to a posthypnotic suggestion, a directive given during a hypnotic trance that the patient is intended to carry out or experience after awakening. Such suggestions may influence actions, thoughts, emotions, or perceptions when the person encounters a specific cue, time of day, or situation. Examples include reduced cravings for tobacco, diminished pain, increased relaxation, or improved coping with anxiety. The cue can be a word, act, or environmental trigger; the response may be immediate or delayed.

The technique typically involves induction into a hypnotic state, deepening focus on the suggestion, and embedding the posthypnotic instruction with a clear cue. In some cases, the person may experience posthypnotic amnesia regarding events in the trance, though this is not universal.

Effectiveness varies by indication, individual, and practitioner. Some studies report benefit for pain management, anxiety, and smoking cessation, but results are heterogeneous and often rely on expectancy effects and therapist skill. Ethical practice emphasizes informed consent, clear goals, and avoiding manipulative or dangerous suggestions. The patient should be able to decline or override posthypnotic responses, and practitioners should monitor for adverse effects or dependence.

Posthypnosis, as a general term, does not imply a specific phenomenon beyond this. Posthypnotic amnesia is a related but distinct phenomenon where recall of the trance or events during hypnosis is reduced or blocked.