post16

Post-16 refers to education and training for learners in the United Kingdom who are aged 16 or older after compulsory schooling ends. The term covers a distinct phase of education that typically lasts two to three years and aims to prepare students for higher education, skilled employment, or further training. It is commonly written as post-16 or post-16 education.

Delivery for post-16 learners occurs in several settings. Sixth forms attached to secondary schools, standalone sixth form colleges, and further education (FE) colleges form the core provision. In addition, employers and specialist training organisations offer apprenticeship frameworks and other work‑based routes.

Course types and qualifications vary. The traditional academic route centers on A-levels, often pursued by students intending to apply to university. Vocational routes include BTECs, national and sector-specific qualifications, and the newer T-levels, which combine technical study with a compulsory industry placement. Apprenticeships mix paid work with on‑the‑job learning and part‑time study, leading to practical qualifications and progression to skilled roles.

Funding and governance differ by country within the United Kingdom. In England, post-16 education is funded by the Department for Education through the Education and Skills Funding Agency, and students usually enroll on a study programme that includes academic subjects and work-related components. Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland operate their own qualification frameworks and funding arrangements.

Outcomes for post-16 learners include progression to higher education, technical training, apprenticeships, or employment. The phase remains a focus of policy for widening participation and skills development.