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A polyptych is a form of art consisting of multiple panels or sections, typically painted or carved, that are hinged or joined together to form a single work. The term originates from the Greek *polypterugos*, meaning "many-winged," and is often used to describe altarpieces, diptychs, triptychs, and larger compositions with more panels. While a diptych features two panels and a triptych three, a polyptych encompasses any artwork with four or more sections, though the term is most commonly associated with elaborate, multi-panel works of art.

Polyptychs were particularly prominent in medieval and Renaissance Europe, where they served both religious and decorative purposes. Many were designed as altarpieces for churches, featuring intricate narratives or depictions of saints, biblical scenes, or donors. The panels could be folded or closed to reveal different images or to protect the artwork when not in use. Notable examples include the *Merode Altarpiece* (c. 1425–1432) by Robert Campin and the *Ghent Altarpiece* (1432) by Jan van Eyck, both of which showcase advanced techniques in oil painting and detailed iconography.

Beyond religious art, polyptychs have been used in various cultural contexts, including book covers, modern installations, and digital media. Contemporary artists may employ the format to explore themes of fragmentation, narrative, or spatial continuity. The structure of a polyptych allows for storytelling across multiple perspectives, making it a versatile medium for both traditional and experimental expression. While diptychs and triptychs remain more common in everyday usage, the polyptych—with its expanded scale and complexity—continues to be celebrated for its ability to convey depth and layered meaning.