polyamory

Polyamory is a form of relationship orientation in which individuals engage in multiple romantic relationships with the informed consent of all parties involved. It emphasizes openness, honesty, and ongoing communication about feelings, boundaries, and expectations. Polyamory contrasts with monogamy and with casual or purely sexual non-monogamy, focusing on emotional bonds as well as sexual connection.

The term polyamory combines Greek poly- "many" with amory "love" and entered popular use in the late 20th century, with advocacy and communities forming in North America and Europe in the 1990s. Early writings and activists stressed ethical principles and consent, distinguishing polyamory from cheating or clandestine arrangements.

Relationship structures vary. Some people maintain hierarchical models (primary partners with secondary relationships), while others practice non-hierarchical or egalitarian arrangements. Common formats include networks of partners, triads or quads, and "kitchen-table" polyamory where all partners know each other. People typically create explicit agreements about time, resources, parenting, safety, and emotional commitments, negotiated through ongoing communication.

Ethical considerations include informed consent, honesty, transparency, and the right to redefine or end relationships. Health and safety concerns address sexual health, boundary setting, and communication about sexual partners. Legal and social landscapes vary; polyamorous families may face discrimination, custody considerations, and lack of legal recognition in many jurisdictions.

Public discussion often centers on misconceptions, such as equating polyamory with promiscuity or infidelity, or assuming all poly people engage in large networks. Research indicates diverse experiences, with some reporting high relationship satisfaction and others confronting jealousy and time-management challenges. Cultural and religious contexts influence attitudes toward polyamory.