plumegedrag

Plumegedrag is a term used in avian biology to describe the set of behaviors related to plumage, or feathers, in birds. It encompasses how birds maintain, display, and utilize their plumage, and is important for functions such as insulation, flight performance, camouflage, and social signaling. The expression combines the concept of plumage with a word meaning behavior in several Northern European languages, and its use varies by language and discipline; it is not universally standardized across all ornithological literature.

Maintenance and condition

A primary component of plumegedrag is preening, in which birds align feathers, remove parasites, and spread oil from the uropygial (preen) gland to condition feathers. Bathing, dusting, and feather repair are also part of maintenance. Proper plumage condition supports aerodynamic efficiency, waterproofing, and insulation, all of which affect survival and performance.

Display and signaling

Plumegedrag includes display behaviors in which plumage serves as a visual cue for mate choice, territorial defense, or species recognition. Postures that accentuate crest, tail, wing patches, or iridescence can convey information about individual quality, intent, or social status.

Molts and aging

Feather replacement through molts is a critical aspect of plumegedrag. Molt cycles influence plumage quality and timing, affecting camouflage and signaling. Aging individuals may show different molt patterns or feather wear compared with younger birds.

Health, environment, and research

Health status, parasite load, nutrition, and environmental conditions influence plumage quality and related behaviors. Researchers study plumegedrag through direct observation, video analysis, and feather condition scoring to understand its ecological and evolutionary significance.

See also: plumage, preening, molt, avian health.