plasterboards

Plasterboard, also known as gypsum board, drywall, or wallboard, is a panel made of gypsum plaster pressed between two sheets of paper. The gypsum core may include additives to improve fire resistance, moisture tolerance, or strength. Plasterboards are a primary material for interior walls and ceilings in residential and commercial construction.

Standard plasterboard comes in various thicknesses, commonly about 9.5 to 15 millimeters. In the United States, common sizes are 1/2 inch (12.7 mm) and 5/8 inch (15.9 mm). Edges are typically tapered to allow a smooth finished joint. Types include moisture-resistant boards for damp environments, fire-rated boards (often labeled Type X) with enhanced fire resistance, high-density boards for impact resistance, and acoustic boards designed for sound insulation. Some products incorporate special facings or additives to improve performance; cement boards are a different substrate used in wet or heavy-duty installations.

Installation involves attaching panels to timber studs or metal framing with screws or nails at regular spacing. Panels are cut to size, and the joints are finished with joint compound and paper or fiber drywall tape to create a seamless surface. After edging and filling, the surface is primed and painted or wallpapered.

Performance and standards: gypsum is non-combustible and contributes to interior fire resistance. Board type, thickness, and additives influence fire rating, moisture tolerance, and acoustic performance, commonly described by standards or testing for fire resistance, moisture resistance, and sound transmission. Building codes specify appropriate board type and thickness for walls, ceilings, and wet areas.

Maintenance and disposal: plasterboard is durable but susceptible to moisture and impact damage. Damaged panels are typically replaced. Gypsum is recyclable when separated from paper backing, and waste should be disposed of under local regulations. In wet areas, moisture-resistant boards or alternative substrates are recommended.