Plasterboard

Plasterboard, also known as drywall in many markets, is a panel made of gypsum plaster pressed between two sheets of paper. The gypsum core is non-combustible and provides fire resistance and compressive strength, while the paper facing adds rigidity and serves as a surface for finishing and for taping joints.

Various types of plasterboard exist for different environments and requirements. Regular gypsum board is suitable for interior walls and ceilings. Moisture-resistant boards, often marketed as green board, are used in damp areas where occasional exposure to moisture occurs. Fire-rated boards (Type X) contain additives to improve fire resistance. There are also impact-resistant boards for high-traffic areas and soundproof or acoustical boards for better sound control. In some regions cement boards or fiberglass-reinforced boards are used in environments with persistent moisture or where extra rigidity is needed.

Production and installation involve cutting the panels to size and attaching them to wall studs or ceiling joists with screws or nails. Edges are typically tapered to allow joint compound to be embedded for a smooth finish. After installation, joints are taped and covered with joint compound, then sanded and finished with paint or wallpaper. Plasterboard is widely valued for enabling fast, cost-effective interior construction and smooth, consistent surfaces.

Limitations include sensitivity to moisture and mold in damp conditions, which requires appropriate board selection and ventilation. Gypsum cores are generally recyclable, and waste boards can be processed for reuse in cement or soil applications in many regions.