planetmigration
Planet migration is the process by which a planet's orbital distance from its star changes after formation, typically due to gravitational interactions with a protoplanetary disk, with remaining planetesimals, or with other planets. In the standard picture, planets grow within a gas-rich disk and can move from their birth locations, shaping planetary systems.
Disk-driven migration occurs when embedded planets exchange angular momentum with the disk. Low-mass planets that do
More massive planets that open a gap undergo Type II migration, where the planet largely follows the
Planetesimal-driven migration can occur after the gas disk disperses, through gravitational scattering with a residual planetesimal
Observationally, migration helps explain hot Jupiters, resonant chains in compact multi-planet systems, and the diversity of