pixelbinning

Pixel binning is a technique used in digital photography and imaging to improve image quality, particularly in low-light conditions. It works by combining data from multiple adjacent pixels on an image sensor into a single, larger "super-pixel." This process effectively increases the light-gathering capability of each resulting pixel, leading to a brighter and less noisy image.

The most common method of pixel binning combines four pixels into one, often referred to as 2x2 binning. This means that a sensor with a high megapixel count, such as 48 megapixels, can produce images with a lower megapixel count, like 12 megapixels, by using this technique. The trade-off is a reduction in the overall resolution, as detail from individual pixels is merged.

Pixel binning is frequently employed in smartphone cameras, where smaller sensors often struggle in dim lighting. By binning pixels, manufacturers can achieve better low-light performance and reduce digital noise without significant hardware changes. While it enhances brightness and reduces noise, the loss of fine detail can be a drawback in well-lit situations where the full resolution of the sensor would be beneficial. Some devices offer options to disable pixel binning, allowing users to choose between higher resolution in good light or improved low-light performance.