pienentäen

Pienentäen is the adverbial participle form of the Finnish verb pienentää, meaning to reduce or to lessen. It expresses means or accompanying action, typically translating to English as "by reducing" or "while reducing." As a non-finite form, pienentäen does not have its own subject or tense and is used to modify the main clause rather than to form the main predicate.

Formation and use in Finnish grammar: pienentäen is created from the stem pienentä- with the -en suffix, and it commonly links to the main verb to indicate how an action is accomplished or under what circumstances it occurs. It can appear before or after the main clause and is frequent in formal, descriptive, or instructional writing, including reports, policy texts, and journalism.

Examples:

- Kustannuksia pienentäen yritys voi tarjota kilpailukykyisiä hintoja. (By reducing costs, the company can offer competitive prices.)

- Päästöjä pienentäen yritys panostaa kestävään teknologiaan. (By reducing emissions, the company invests in sustainable technology.)

Notes: Pienentäen is part of a broader set of adverbial participles in Finnish that express means, manner, or concurrent action. Its use tends to be more common in written and formal Finnish than in everyday spoken language. See also Finnish grammar discussions on adverbial participles and non-finite verb forms for related constructions.