perbelanjaan

Perbelanjaan is a Malay term that denotes spending or expenditure. It is used as a noun to describe the amount of money spent on goods and services, by individuals, households, organizations, or governments. The term is closely related to belanja, meaning to spend or shop, with the prefix per- forming a generalized noun for the concept of spending.

In everyday life, perbelanjaan refers to budgeting and consumer spending. For households, it is commonly described as perbelanjaan isi rumah, and is typically categorized into essentials such as food, housing, transport, and healthcare, and non-essentials such as recreation and discretionary purchases. Tracking perbelanjaan helps observers measure living standards and savings behavior.

In government budgeting, perbelanjaan describes public spending, including operating expenditures (perbelanjaan mengurus) and development expenditures (perbelanjaan pembangunan). In national accounts, household final consumption expenditure is a standard measure of perbelanjaan by households on goods and services.

Usage and connotations: Perbelanjaan is used in formal and official contexts, such as budget documents and economic analysis, and is commonly contrasted with pendapatan (income) or simpanan (savings).