penitenciária
A penitenciária, also known as a prison or correctional facility, is an institution designed to detain individuals who have been convicted of crimes or are awaiting trial. The primary goals of a penitenciária are rehabilitation, deterrence, and the protection of society. The term "penitenciária" is derived from the Latin word "poena," meaning punishment, reflecting the institution's role in administering justice.
Penitenciárias vary in size and capacity, ranging from small local jails to large state or federal prisons.
The design and operation of penitenciárias can differ significantly across jurisdictions. Some focus on solitary confinement,
Despite the challenges and controversies surrounding penitenciárias, they remain a crucial component of the criminal justice