pedelecs

Pedelec, short for pedal electric cycle, is a category of electric bicycles in which motor assistance is activated only when the rider is pedaling. The motor provides torque to the drivetrain based on pedal input and stops providing assistance when the rider stops pedaling or reaches a preset speed. The rider remains in control, selecting the level of assistance.

Drive systems are commonly hub motors or mid-drive units. A pedelec is powered by a rechargeable battery, typically lithium-ion, and controlled by sensors that detect pedal cadence or torque. Typical power levels are about 250 watts continuous (EU standard), with higher peak ratings allowed in some jurisdictions. Assistance speeds are capped by law: around 25 km/h (15.5 mph) in the EU; in the United States, pedal-assist is defined by a class system that commonly limits Class 1 to 20 mph and Class 3 to 28 mph, with additional throttle-based classes existing separately.

Regulation varies by country. In Europe, pedelecs conform to EN 15194 with 250 W max continuous power and assistance up to 25 km/h. In the United States, a three-class system distinguishes pedal-assist only models (Class 1 and Class 3) from throttle-assisted models (Class 2). Pedelecs are widely used for commuting, recreation, and light cargo, offering extended range and reduced effort compared with conventional bicycles.

Advantages and considerations: they are heavier and more expensive than conventional bikes, require charging infrastructure and maintenance, and may be subject to local rules on riding, helmet use, and parking. Safety features such as reliable brakes, lights, and reflective gear are important, especially on mixed traffic and hilly terrain.