paranasalis
Paranasalis, commonly referred to as the paranasal sinuses, are a group of air-filled cavities within the bones of the skull and face that connect to the nasal cavity. The four paired groups are the maxillary, frontal, ethmoid, and sphenoid sinuses. They are lined with ciliated respiratory epithelium and mucus-secreting glands, producing mucus that drains into the nasal cavity. The sinuses are thought to contribute to several functions, including reducing skull weight, warming and humidifying inhaled air, acting as a resonating chamber for speech, and potentially providing a buffer against facial trauma.
Anatomy and drainage: Each sinus drains to the nasal cavity via narrow ostia. The frontal and maxillary
Development and variation: The maxillary sinus is present at birth, while the other sinuses develop and pneumatize
Clinical significance: Inflammation of the paranasal sinuses, or rhinosinusitis, is common and can be acute or