palpitatii

Palpitatii, or palpitations, are subjective sensations of the heart beating unusually fast, irregularly, or forcefully. People may feel the sensation in the chest, throat, or neck. Palpitations can last a few seconds or several hours and may occur at rest or during activity. Most palpitations are not dangerous, but they can be troubling and may indicate an underlying heart rhythm problem or another medical condition.

Common causes include benign factors such as caffeine, nicotine, alcohol, anxiety, stress, dehydration, fever, or hormone changes (for example during pregnancy); medications or stimulants (such as decongestants or certain asthma drugs); and medical conditions including arrhythmias (atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter, supraventricular tachycardia), premature ventricular contractions, hyperthyroidism, anemia, electrolyte abnormalities, or hypoglycemia.

Evaluation: If palpitations are new, prolonged, or accompanied by dizziness, fainting, chest pain, shortness of breath, or confusion, or if there is known heart disease, seek medical care promptly. A clinician will typically take history and perform a physical exam, followed by an ECG. Additional tests may include blood tests (thyroid function, complete blood count, electrolytes), echocardiography, and ambulatory monitoring such as a Holter monitor or event recorder to capture episodes.

Management: Many palpitations resolve with lifestyle changes and treatment of underlying conditions. Avoid triggers when possible; manage stress; limit caffeine and alcohol; treat anemia or thyroid disorders. In some arrhythmias, medications or procedures may be indicated. Emergency care is required for palpitations with chest pain, severe shortness of breath, fainting, or confusion.