palatálním

Palatálním refers to a sound produced with the middle or back of the tongue raised toward the hard palate. This articulation is a common feature in many languages and is involved in the production of various consonant and vowel sounds.

In phonetics, palatalization is a secondary articulation where a sound is modified by raising the body of the tongue towards the hard palate, similar to the position for producing the vowel sound /i/. This often results in a "softer" or "lighter" quality to the sound.

Examples of palatal consonants include the "ny" sound in the Spanish word "cañón" or the "ll" sound in some dialects of Spanish, which can be pronounced as a palatal lateral approximant. In Slavic languages, palatalization is a very prominent feature, with many consonants having distinct palatalized and non-palatalized forms that are phonemic, meaning they can distinguish between words. For instance, in Russian, the difference between "brat" (brother) and "brat'" (to fight) is marked by the palatalization of the final consonant.

Vowels can also be perceived as having palatal quality, often associated with front vowels like /i/ and /e/. The description of a sound as palatálním therefore indicates a specific place of articulation involving the palate.