painevauriosta

Painevaurio is a Finnish term that translates to "pressure injury" or "pressure sore" in English. It refers to localized damage to the skin and underlying soft tissue, usually over a bony prominence, as a result of unrelieved pressure, or pressure in combination with shear. These injuries are a significant concern in healthcare settings, particularly for individuals with limited mobility or who are bedridden for extended periods.

The development of a pressure injury is multifactorial. Prolonged pressure can reduce blood flow to the affected area, leading to tissue ischemia and necrosis. Shear, which occurs when skin is dragged across a surface while underlying tissue remains stationary, can damage blood vessels and cause deeper tissue injury. Other contributing factors include moisture from incontinence, friction, malnutrition, and certain medical conditions that impair circulation or sensation.

Prevention is a cornerstone of managing pressure injuries. This typically involves regular repositioning of individuals at risk, using specialized support surfaces like pressure-relieving mattresses, maintaining good skin hygiene and moisture management, and ensuring adequate nutrition. Assessment of the skin for early signs of damage, such as redness that does not blanch when pressed, is crucial.

Treatment for pressure injuries depends on their stage and severity. Mild injuries may be managed with pressure relief and topical treatments. More severe injuries, which can involve full-thickness skin loss and damage to underlying tissues, may require debridement, specialized dressings, and sometimes surgical intervention. Effective management aims to promote healing, prevent infection, and alleviate pain.