pHmõõturi

A pHmõõturi, or pH meter, is an electronic instrument used to measure the hydrogen-ion activity in a solution, which is conventionally expressed as pH. The pH scale ranges from 0 to 14, with values below 7 indicating acidity, values above 7 indicating alkalinity (or basicity), and a pH of 7 representing neutrality.

pH meters typically consist of a measuring electrode (often a glass electrode sensitive to hydrogen ions) and a reference electrode, which are combined into a single probe. This probe is then immersed in the solution to be tested. The difference in electrical potential between the two electrodes is measured and converted by the meter's circuitry into a pH reading.

Calibration is a crucial step for ensuring the accuracy of a pH meter. This process involves immersing the electrode in solutions of known pH values, often buffer solutions, and adjusting the meter's reading accordingly. pH meters are widely used in various fields, including chemistry, biology, environmental science, agriculture, food and beverage production, and water treatment, to monitor and control the acidity or alkalinity of liquids. Regular maintenance and proper storage of the electrode are essential for the longevity and reliable performance of the instrument.