oznakami

Oznaki, transliterated as oznakami in English, refers to the instrumental plural form of the noun oznaka in several Slavic languages, most notably Russian and Ukrainian. The base word oznaka (oznaki) means a sign, mark, feature, or indicator. The form oznakami is used when the noun functions in the instrumental case, often indicating the means, manner, or accompanying signs by which something is recognized or described.

Etymology and cognates extend across Slavic languages, with related terms in Russian and Ukrainian that express notions of marking, distinguishing features, or indicators. The common semantic core ties these words to identification, classification, and description, rather than to a generic color or texture alone. In practice, oznaki can refer to symptoms in medicine, characteristics in data or classification systems, or distinctive marks in physical objects and artifacts.

In usage, oznakami commonly appears in phrases governed by instrumental-case constructions such as "по ознакам" or "ознаками," depending on language and dialect. This form can appear in scientific, medical, legal, and descriptive writing when researchers or describers enumerate features or signs that identify a condition, category, or object. In medical contexts, a closely related term is znamenaki or призна́ки (signs or symptoms), but oznaki/oznakami remains a valid, recognized variant in some usages.

Overall, oznakami is best understood as a grammatical form rather than a separate lexical entry: it is the instrumental plural of the noun meaning signs or features, used to describe means, manner, or accompanying indicators in a range of fields. See also oznaka, oznaki, призна́к.