overwatered

Overwatered is the condition in which a plant or soil has received more water than it can use or tolerate, resulting in saturated soil and reduced oxygen availability to roots. It is common in horticulture and can occur in homes, gardens, and greenhouses. Excessive irrigation disrupts root function, slows growth, and can lead to root decay and plant decline.

Signs of overwatering include wilting despite moist soil, yellowing or translucent leaves, soft or mushy roots, stunted growth, and leaf drop. A foul odor from the potting mix or base of the plant can also indicate root rot. Soil that remains wet for extended periods, especially in poorly draining media or compacted soil, is a key indicator.

Causes include frequent or large-volume watering, low-drainage soils (such as heavy clay), containers without adequate drainage, and environmental conditions that slow evaporation, like cool temperatures or high humidity. Some species prefer consistently moist conditions, but many plants are damaged by waterlogged roots.

Prevention centers on proper soil and irrigation practices: use a well-draining potting mix, ensure containers have drainage holes, tailor watering to the plant’s needs and the environment, and allow the top inch or so of soil to dry between waterings. Avoid leaving plants standing in water in saucers or trays, and improve soil structure where drainage is poor.

Treatment involves removing excess water, inspecting roots, and trimming away any rot. If roots are still healthy, reduce watering and improve drainage, possibly by repotting. In severe cases, dispose of severely affected plants to prevent spread of disease and sanitize tools and containers.