otoczona

Otoczona is a Polish feminine singular past passive participle and adjective derived from the verb otoczyć, meaning to surround or encircle. It describes a feminine noun as being encircled or enclosed by something, and it is used in descriptive or narrative language to express that sense of enclosure.

In grammar, otoczona agrees with the gender and number of the noun it modifies. It can appear as a participle in a noun phrase, for example, Wyspa otoczona lasem (an island surrounded by forest), or as part of a passive construction with a form of być, such as Kobieta została otoczona przez paparazzi (The woman was surrounded by paparazzi). The corresponding masculine form is otoczony, the neuter form otoczone, and there are plural forms as well (otoczeni, otoczone). The base verb is otoczyć, and the participle retains its adjectival meaning in most contexts.

Common contexts for otoczona include physical enclosure, such as natural features or walls, and social or circumstantial surround, such as people, rules, or circumstances. It often conveys a sense of being enclosed from all sides or under pressure, but it can also denote mere proximity or surrounding conditions without implying danger. In literature and journalism, otoczona can emphasize vulnerability, protection, or a state of being governed by external factors.

See also: otoczenie (surroundings), otaczający (surrounding), otoczyć and otaczać (to surround).