opdragelsesstilerne

Opdragelsesstilerne, or parenting styles, refer to the various approaches parents use to raise their children. These styles are characterized by different levels of responsiveness and demandingness. Psychologist Diana Baumrind identified three primary parenting styles in the 1960s, which were later expanded by Maccoby and Martin.

The authoritative parenting style is characterized by high demandingness and high responsiveness. Parents with this style set clear expectations and boundaries for their children but are also warm, supportive, and communicative. They encourage independence and open discussion, and children raised in this environment tend to be more self-reliant, socially competent, and academically successful.

Authoritarian parenting, on the other hand, is high in demandingness but low in responsiveness. These parents are strict, expect obedience without question, and often use punishment to enforce rules. They may be less affectionate and communicative, leading to children who can be obedient but also anxious, withdrawn, or rebellious.

Permissive parenting is characterized by low demandingness and high responsiveness. Parents are warm and nurturing but set few limits or expectations. They often act more like friends than authority figures, which can result in children who may struggle with self-control, exhibit egocentric behavior, and have difficulties with authority.

Uninvolved or neglectful parenting represents low demandingness and low responsiveness. These parents are detached and may show little interest in their children's lives, providing minimal supervision or emotional support. This style is generally associated with the most negative outcomes for children, including behavioral problems and difficulties in academic and social development. Understanding these styles can help parents reflect on their own practices and their potential impact on child development.