oklusio

Oklusio refers to a medical term describing the partial or complete blockage of a bodily passage or orifice, typically involving the gastrointestinal or respiratory tracts. The term originates from the Greek word *oklūsis*, meaning "closure" or "blockage," and is often used in clinical contexts to describe obstructions that impede normal physiological functions.

In gastrointestinal medicine, oklusio commonly pertains to intestinal blockages, where the passage of contents through the intestines is obstructed due to physical or functional causes. Such obstructions can arise from conditions like tumors, adhesions, hernias, or severe constipation, leading to symptoms such as abdominal pain, vomiting, and distension. Diagnosis typically involves imaging techniques like X-rays, CT scans, or ultrasound, while treatment may range from conservative measures (e.g., bowel rest and hydration) to surgical intervention in severe cases.

Respiratory oklusio involves blockages in the airways, such as those caused by foreign bodies, tumors, or severe inflammation (e.g., in asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease). Symptoms may include wheezing, shortness of breath, or cyanosis, depending on the severity and location of the obstruction. Management often includes bronchodilators, corticosteroids, or emergency procedures like endotracheal intubation or tracheostomy.

The term is also used more broadly in anatomy and physiology to describe any obstruction of a natural orifice or duct, though it is less common in non-medical contexts. Proper diagnosis and treatment of oklusio depend on identifying the underlying cause and addressing it promptly to restore normal function and prevent complications such as tissue necrosis or systemic infection.