odwrotnym

Odwrotnym is that form of the Polish adjective odwrotny in the instrumental singular masculine, used to describe actions, directions or qualities in the sense of opposite, reverse or inverse. It appears in phrases such as odwrotnym kierunkiem (in the opposite direction) or odwrotnym sposobem (in an inverse or opposite manner). The word is not a stand-alone noun, but a grammatical form applied to masculine nouns, as well as to some fixed expressions.

In grammar, odwrotny is used to indicate reversal or opposition of a described feature. The instrumental form odwrotnym commonly appears after prepositions that govern the instrumental case, contributing to phrases that specify how something is done or in what manner something occurs.

In mathematics and logic, the root concept behind odwrotny is inverse or opposite. Polish terminology uses odwrotna funkcja or funkcja odwrotna to denote the inverse function, while liczba odwrotna (the reciprocal of a number) describes multiplicative inverses. The related noun odwrotność denotes the state or property of being inverse. In this domain, adjectives such as odwrotny or its forms, including odwrotnym, are used to characterize operations, relations or results that undo or reverse a prior action.

Etymologically, odwrotny comes from the verb odwrócić (to reverse, turn around) with the standard adjectival suffix -ny, and the instrumental ending -ym for masculine singular usage. See also odwrotność, odwrotna funkcja, odwrócenie for related concepts.