nonfictional

Nonfictional refers to content that depicts real people, events, or facts rather than imagined or invented material. It encompasses works intended to convey truth, accuracy, and verifiability, and is contrasted with fictional content.

The term is derived from the word fiction, with the prefix non- indicating negation. In practice, nonfictional material can include interpretation and narrative devices, but it seeks to represent reality rather than invent it. The more common descriptor is nonfiction.

Characteristics include reliance on evidence, documentation, and verifiable sources. Nonfiction often employs citations, fact-checking, and corroboration to support claims. It may present analysis, explanation, or reportage, while preserving a commitment to truth as understood by its field.

Genres of nonfiction cover journalism, history, science writing, biographies, memoirs, essays, travel writing, and documentary media. Within these, styles vary from expository and investigative prose to reflective and argumentative forms. Some works blend factual reporting with literary techniques, without becoming fictional.

Nonfiction is not free from bias or error; authors select topics, frame questions, and interpret evidence. Responsible nonfiction follows standards of evidence, transparency about sources, and corrections when needed. The availability of digital archives and open access has increased opportunities for verification.