nickelfosfor

Nickelfosfor, also known as nickel phosphide, is a group of intermetallic compounds composed of nickel and phosphorus. The most studied stoichiometries are Ni2P and Ni3P, with other phases such as Ni5P4 also reported. These compounds are typically synthesized by high-temperature phosphorization of nickel, chemical vapor deposition, or by deposition of nickel–phosphorus alloys followed by heat treatment.

Nickelfosfor materials can be prepared in bulk form, as powders, or as coatings. For coatings, electroless nickel–phosphorus deposition is common, producing Ni–P alloys with varying phosphorus content. Subsequent heat treatment can transform the alloy into distinct nickel phosphide phases such as Ni3P or Ni2P, often enhancing hardness, wear resistance, and catalytic activity.

Properties of nickel phosphides include metallic conductivity and high thermal stability. They are relatively hard and can be chemically robust under certain conditions, making them suitable for catalytic and protective coating applications. The exact properties depend on the phase and composition.

Applications of nickelfosfor are diverse. In catalysis, nickel phosphides serve as active sites for hydrodesulfurization and for hydrogen evolution reactions, with Ni2P-based catalysts attracting particular interest as non-noble-metal alternatives in hydrodesulfurization and electrocatalysis. In energy-related research, nickel phosphides are explored as electrocatalysts and as electrode materials for batteries and other storage technologies.

Safety and handling follow standard practices for nickel compounds. Nickel phosphides can pose inhalation or ingestion hazards if mishandled, so appropriate protective equipment and ventilation are advised.

See also: nickel–phosphorus alloys, hydrodesulfurization catalysts, hydrogen evolution reaction, electroless nickel plating.