neurokinin2

Neurokinin2, also known as Substance P receptor or NK2 receptor, is a protein encoded by the TAC2R gene in humans. It is a member of the tachykinin receptor family, which are G protein-coupled receptors. Neurokinin2 is primarily activated by neurokinin A (NKA), a peptide neurotransmitter. It can also be activated by other tachykinins to a lesser extent.

The distribution of neurokinin2 receptors is widespread throughout the body, with significant expression in the nervous system, smooth muscle, and immune cells. In the central nervous system, it is found in areas involved in pain perception, mood regulation, and autonomic functions. In peripheral tissues, it plays a role in regulating smooth muscle contraction, inflammation, and vascular tone.

Activation of neurokinin2 receptors by NKA leads to a cascade of intracellular events, including the activation of phospholipase C and the subsequent release of intracellular calcium. This can result in various physiological responses depending on the location of the receptor. For instance, in smooth muscle, it can cause contraction, while in the airways, it can lead to bronchoconstriction. In inflammatory processes, neurokinin2 signaling can contribute to the release of pro-inflammatory mediators.

Dysregulation of neurokinin2 signaling has been implicated in a variety of conditions, including asthma, inflammatory bowel disease, pain syndromes, and certain neurological disorders. Consequently, neurokinin2 receptors are considered potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of these conditions, with research ongoing into the development of selective antagonists.