TAC2R

TAC2R, also known as Taste Receptor Type 2 Member 2, is a protein that functions as a taste receptor. It is a member of the T2R family of taste receptors, which are G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) that detect bitter tastes. TAC2R is primarily expressed in taste buds, which are specialized sensory organs located on the tongue, and plays a crucial role in detecting bitter compounds in food and beverages. The activation of TAC2R triggers a signaling cascade that ultimately leads to the perception of bitterness.

TAC2R is encoded by the TAC2 gene, which is located on chromosome 7 in humans. Mutations in the TAC2 gene have been associated with altered taste perception, including reduced sensitivity to bitter tastes. This condition, known as hypogeusia, can lead to a decreased ability to detect bitter compounds, which may have implications for food safety and quality control.

The T2R family of taste receptors, including TAC2R, is involved in the detection of a wide range of bitter compounds, which are often associated with toxicity or harmful effects. The activation of TAC2R and other T2R receptors plays a critical role in protecting against the ingestion of potentially harmful substances. In addition to its role in taste perception, TAC2R has also been implicated in other physiological processes, such as the regulation of appetite and energy homeostasis.

In summary, TAC2R is a taste receptor that plays a crucial role in detecting bitter tastes and protecting against harmful substances. Mutations in the TAC2 gene can lead to altered taste perception, while the T2R family of taste receptors is involved in a wide range of physiological processes. Further research is needed to fully understand the role of TAC2R in human health and disease.