neurokehitys

Neurokehitys, or neurodevelopment, refers to the complex processes by which the nervous system develops and matures. This begins in the earliest stages of embryonic development and continues throughout infancy, childhood, adolescence, and into adulthood. It encompasses the growth of neurons, the formation of synapses, and the organization of neural circuits that underpin all cognitive, emotional, and motor functions. Key stages include neurogenesis, the birth of new neurons, and synaptogenesis, the creation of connections between neurons.

The brain's development is highly influenced by both genetic predispositions and environmental factors. Experiences, learning, nutrition, and social interactions all play crucial roles in shaping neural pathways. Disruptions to these developmental processes can lead to various neurodevelopmental disorders, such as autism spectrum disorder, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), intellectual disability, and learning disabilities. Research into neurodevelopment aims to understand the typical trajectory of brain maturation and identify the causes of atypical development to improve diagnosis, intervention, and support for individuals affected by these conditions.